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That a scar constitutes memory, is as apprehensible as that a modification of a nervous tissue is memory. It is a fact, that memory, like other intellectual powers, is dependent for its exercise on the conditions of the brain, but why, or how dependent, are queries beyond the circle of knowledge. The vital play of nervous changes along nervous lines is one thing, the action of the mind a totally different thing. The one is learned as an outside fact by outside observations, the other as an inside fact by consciousness. The synchronism of the two is an interesting point, but one, for the present, barren in strict philosophy. That memory is more dependent than other mental powers on physical states is generally believed, though we may be easily deceived in the grounds of this judgment. Memory is readily and quickly tested in its strength. A straightforward, categorical question betrays at once its weakness. We observe, therefore, failure at this point, more certainly than at others. In moments of weariness the memory fails us, but so, evidently, does the judgment. Obstacles seem disproportionately great, the occasions of fear unusual and pressing. In old age, memory is said to be the first faculty that shows decay; yet the old man, withdrawn from active life, naturally first discovers his failure here. It requires occasions of judgment to disclose the deficiency of judgment to others, while to ourselves, these failures are not betrayed from the very fact that the judgment, as weak, does not fully detect its own weakness. On the other hand, a dozen events every day expose inevitably and unmistakably the defects of memory. Moreover, the things chiefly forgotten are those of recent occurrence, a fact accounted for by the want of strong feeling, clear perception, and energetic attention. Diseases that weaken the memory by the destruction of brain-tissue, are especially unfavorable to the recollection of events that occurred in the periods immediately