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much beyond our knowledge. When a statement so purely theoretical as this explicit, italicized dogma of Bain's, is made the foundation of a complete explanation of the faculty involved, an explanation resting entirely upon its truth, we see that metaphysicians of the old school are not the only ones who can put foot in air, and mount to the stars. An act of imagination and memory thus becomes with the latter another as indicated by the clause, "nor in any other manner" unmodified perception, lingering or reawakened in the organ of sense.

The proof of their explicit assertions is found by Bain and Hamilton in the fact, that the organs of action are evidently affected by the images present to the mind in imagination as they would be by the objects themselves, only in a less degree, and that with a loss of any of the senses the power of imagination disappears in a corresponding direction. The examples adduced under the first argument are of a kind not leading directly to the conclusion in issue; but are quite as explicable on other grounds. "A dog dreaming sets his feet a going, and sometimes barks." " Some persons of weak nerves can scarcely think without muttering they talk to themselves." " Anger takes exactly the same course in the system, whether it be at a person present, or at some one remembered or imagined." Suppose our fancies to be pure intellectual acts, independent of the senses, should we not expect these results? The nervous flow outward on the active, related powers would naturally be secured, though the senses were quiescent, if that state of mind were present which occasions this result. These examples furnish no proof, that the organs of perception are affected, and are the source of this tendency to movement.

Farther examples are quoted from Muller. "The mere idea of a nauseous taste can excite the sensation even to the