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as the enjoyment of a fragrant rose in the peculiar power of the special sense of smell. We are not to suppose that we have explained either pleasure or pain by referring them respectively to unrestrained, and to impeded activity. We are able to give some of the conditions, and some of the consequences of physical sensations, but their immediate causes in the organs themselves, and in the mind, we cannot give. The last and exhaustive analysis we can not make. A feeling as a feeling is ultimately and, shall we not say, sufficiently known in itself.

Before passing to the intellectual feelings, we mark some border facts which prepare the way for the transition.

What are termed natural affections, are examples of transition facts. We suppose these words strictly employed to designate feelings aroused by physical facts, physical ties; not intellectually considered, but sensationally experienced. There seems to be a small remainder of such affections in man, but they are so lost in the higher feelings, stirred by the same facts intellectually considered, that it is difficult to separate them. The animal is, for a time, passionately attached to its young. These affections seem to follow in a direct, physical way from the sensations present. The helplessness of the young apparently forms no ground of the emotion. The young of another animal may become the object of immediate and bitter attack. The substitution of another offspring for its own is successful only when the perceptive instincts of the parent are baffled and misled. Something of this direct attachment seems to appear in the human parent, though it is so overlain and modified by feelings of a purely intellectual character as to play no very important part in our constitution. Doubtless the tenderness of the mother does owe something of its quick, yearning, responsive action under the claims of the infant t the purely physical conditions of the relationship.